① 關於食品安全的英語演講稿
New threat to global food security as phosphate supplies become increasingly scarce
A new report from the Soil Association reveals that supplies of phosphate rock are running out faster than previously thought and that declining supplies and higher prices of phosphate are a new threat to global food security. 『 rock and a hard place: Peak phosphorus and the threat to our food security』 highlights the urgent need for farming to become less reliant on phosphate rock-based fertiliser. [1]
Intensive agriculture is totally dependent on phosphate for the fertility needed to grow crops and grass. Worldwide 158 million tonnes of phosphate rock is mined every year, but the supply is finite. Recent analysis suggests that we may hit 『peak』 phosphate as early as 2033, after which supplies will become increasingly scarce and more expensive. [2]
This critical issue is missing from the global policy agenda - we are completely unprepared to deal with the shortages in phosphorus inputs, the drop in proction and the hike in food prices that will follow. Without fertilisation from phosphorus it has been estimated that wheat yields could more then halve in coming decades, falling from nine tonnes a hectare to four tonnes a hectare. The current price of phosphate rock is approximately twice that of 2006. When demand for phosphate fertiliser outstripped supply in 2007/08, the price of rock phosphate rose 800%.
In Europe we are dependent on imports of rock phosphate, having no deposits of our own, but the geographical concentration of reserves adds further uncertainty to the future security of our sources. In 2009, 158 million metric tonnes of phosphate
rock was mined worldwide. 67% of this resource was mined in just three countries - China (35%), the USA (17%) and Morocco and Western Sahara (15%). China has now restricted, and the USA has stopped, exports of phosphate. [3]
Author of the report, Dr. Isobel Tomlinson, said:
"A radical rethink of how we farm, what we eat and how we deal with human excreta, so that adequate phosphorus levels can be maintained without reliance on mined phosphate, is crucial for ensuring our future food supplies."
『A rock and a hard place』 sets out the actions needed to close the loop on the phosphorus cycle. These include:
Changing how we farm
Different farming systems vary enormously in their reliance on mined phosphate. Organic farms are more resilient to the coming phosphorus rock 『shock』, as it can only be used as a supplement to nutrient recycling (including crop rotations, green manures, and composting), and not as a replacement. Organic crops generally have a lower fertiliser requirement than non-organic crops, with a greater capacity to scavenge for nutrients through denser and deeper root systems.
Changing what we eat
Eating less meat can rece the demand for mined phosphate. This is because vegetable-based proction is more efficient in its use of phosphorus then livestock proction. Although different types of meat have different levels of mined phosphate demand depending on the farming system used to proce them. Meat from livestock grazed on grassland that has not been fertilised with artificial fertilisers, will perform much better than meat from livestock grazed on fields that have been, or livestock fed on grain grown using artificial fertilisers.
Changing how we deal with human exreta
The report recommends a radical change in the way we treat human exreta and the need to abandon our current 『flush-and-forget』 toilet systems in favour of Ecological Sanitation. The report also calls for a change to EU organic regulations to allow the use of human sewage – rich in 『natural』 phosphate - on agricultural land to ensure phosphate levels are maintained. Globally only 10% of human waste is returned to agricultural soils. Urine alone contains more than 50% of the phosphorus excreted by humans.
② 求一篇有關食品安全問題的英語對話，不少於三分鍾
hello,let's talk about the problem of food safety .
A :the problems of domestic food safety are appearing constantly,And have your heard problem of oranges.
B:Really?
c:There are fresh citrus maggots. County on a buried 2500 kilos, and several provinces nationwide have.
D How terrible.Now the domestic food security is really bad.
B: U.S.do better in this piont.
D:Ah, which the United States did manage very well.
A:What is their experience?
C: the right OF FDA in the United States is power,and Very strict law enforcement.
B:but what is the FDA.
D:U.S. Food and Health Administration .
A:is there more success experience?
C:It's a fairly standard market, no hawker stalls and food in the supermarket, food into the supermarket to go through inspection, so the food will not get home as domestic so fresh.
B:are there improved the legal system and improved non-national differences.
C:It is the main law enforcement problem. We also have a national food sanitation management law, but not strictly enforced. Government and this is not a priority, law-enforcement .
B:but now there is no guarantee in the supermarket.the carrots are smelly, which dare to eat meat soup?
A:so sorry to hear that.Internal management of the food is too much, so no one has the last possession, only money .
B;Now is the development of domestic "food security", I do not expect to have too many laws with not much difference between a mere scrap of paper. Lax enforcement of the right of being above the law. Is there any way? Eventually becoming more corrupt society!
Therefore, in this sense, the rule of law to live in a country of happiness!
D:Too much responsibility. Shanghai is now the reform will be included in the health food oversight board following the Bureau, may be better.
③ 英語口語教案怎麼寫啊
好的英語環境和口語老師是很重要的，建議去【酷酷口語】吧，那裡的老師很有耐心，也很熱情。很受我們學員的喜愛。
④ 英語口語topic。食品安全問題。
老外的奶粉也不見得安全，可以多看看 食品安全聯盟 的新浪微博，相信對已有啟發。